Return to Vendor (RTV)

Definition

Return to Vendor (RTV) is a reverse logistics process where retailers send products back to their original supplier. This occurs when merchandise is defective, damaged, expired, recalled, or fails to sell within agreed timeframes. RTV directly impacts inventory management and cash flow recovery.

How does RTV affect your business costs?

RTV processes impact both operational expenses and recovered value. Key cost factors include:

  • Labor costs for inspection, documentation, and packaging
  • Transportation fees that often lack forward-shipping economies of scale
  • Storage space freed by removing non-performing inventory
  • Cash flow timing while waiting for vendor credits or replacements

Efficient RTV management typically recovers 40-60% of product value through credits or replacements.

When should you initiate RTV?

Trigger RTV processes for:

  • Damaged goods discovered upon receipt
  • Manufacturing defects found during quality checks
  • Products approaching expiration dates
  • Seasonal merchandise after peak selling periods
  • Vendor-recalled items for safety issues
  • Overstock exceeding agreed inventory levels

Most vendor agreements specify 30-180 day return windows. Missing these deadlines means losing recovery value.

What are the RTV process steps?

  1. Identify and segregate products by return reason
  2. Obtain RMA numbers from vendor systems
  3. Document items with SKUs, quantities, and conditions
  4. Package properly per vendor requirements
  5. Arrange shipping with appropriate insurance
  6. Update inventory systems to reflect outgoing products
  7. Track credits until financial reconciliation completes

Why does RTV management matter?

Effective RTV processes protect profit margins by recovering value from unsaleable inventory. Benefits include:

  • Improved cash flow through vendor credits
  • Optimized warehouse space by removing dead stock
  • Stronger vendor relationships via compliant returns
  • Regulatory compliance for expired or recalled products
  • Sustainability support through proper recycling channels

Poor RTV management can result in 100% loss on defective inventory, while best-in-class operations recover up to 80% of value.